Rare gases

Rare gases, also known as noble gases and noble gases, are a group of elements that are found in low concentrations in air and are highly stable. Rare gases are located in Group Zero of the Periodic Table and include helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), radon (Rn), which has only recently been added to the Periodic Table family of elements.
Rare gases account for about 0.94% of the air content, most of which is argon, and are colorless, odorless, tasteless, slightly soluble in water, in the form of monatomic gas molecules exist in the air, of which helium, neon, argon, krypton, because there is no radioactivity and very difficult to react at room temperature and pressure, can be used as a protective gas in metallurgy, semiconductors and other fields.
With the exception of germanium, which can only be obtained synthetically, is highly radioactive and extremely unstable, the other rare gas elements have shown unique applications in various fields other than protective gases. Atomic mass is only higher than hydrogen, the nature of the extremely stable helium can replace hydrogen as a balloon safety filling gas, but also can replace nitrogen as a deep dive with compressed gas cylinder filling gas, in order to avoid drunkenness nitrogen reaction and oxygen toxicity; argon by the high-energy cosmic rays will be ionized after irradiation, can be set up in artificial satellites with argon counters to determine the location of the cosmic radiation belts and the intensity of the cosmic space; xenon can be dissolved in cellular lipids, causing cellular anaesthesia. Xenon can dissolve in the lipids of the cells, cause paralysis and swelling of the cells, and make the nerve cells stop working temporarily. It can be mixed with oxygen at a ratio of 4:1 as an anesthetic gas without side effects; radon, as the only radioactive gas in nature, can be induced by the decay of thorium in poor-quality building materials, and induce cancer, but it can be mixed and sealed with beryllium powder and used as a neutron source in laboratories.
Rare gases emit bright and vibrant light when energized. By filling lamps with a mixture of different types and proportions of helium, neon, argon, krypton, mercury vapor, and halogen compounds, different types of light sources such as neon, fluorescent, fluorescent, and automobile headlamps can be obtained in a variety of colors.
The melting point and boiling point of rare gases are very low, and the traditional method is to liquefy the air through energy-consuming pressurization and cooling and then fractionate it to get neon, argon, krypton and xenon; helium is usually extracted from natural gas; and radon is usually separated from radium compounds after radioactive decay.
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